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A Session Border Controller (SBC) plays a crucial role in securing Voice over IP (VoIP) communications by acting as a gatekeeper between different networks, such as enterprise networks and service provider networks. It performs several important security functions:
- Traffic Encryption: SBCs encrypt signaling and media traffic to protect the confidentiality of voice calls and other communication sessions, preventing eavesdropping and unauthorized access.
- Denial of Service (DoS) Attack Prevention: SBCs help protect against DoS and Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks by filtering out malicious traffic and ensuring only legitimate traffic is allowed through.
- SIP Firewalling: The SBC acts as a firewall for Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) traffic, filtering out malformed packets, preventing SIP-based attacks like SIP flooding, and blocking unauthorized SIP requests.
- Authentication and Access Control: SBCs authenticate users and devices before allowing them to access the VoIP network, ensuring only authorized participants can make or receive calls.
- Secure Interoperability: By providing protocol translation and ensuring secure communication across different VoIP systems and service providers, the SBC protects networks from vulnerabilities arising due to mismatched protocols or outdated security standards.