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The abstract must be written in both Bahasa Indonesia and English. It should be concise, clear, and informative, typically no more than 250 words. The abstract must include the following components:

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Avoid citations, abbreviations, and overly technical terms in the abstract.

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After the abstract, authors must provide five (5) relevant keywords that represent the core themes or variables of the study. Keywords should be listed alphabetically and separated by commas.

The introduction should provide a comprehensive and coherent background to the study. It must clearly identify the research problem within its broader context and justify the need for the study through a rationale and gap analysis. Authors should articulate the research objectives concisely and describe the relevant theoretical frameworks or concepts that underpin the study. This section should engage the reader by demonstrating the academic significance and originality of the research.

Method
This section must describe the research methodology with precision and clarity, enabling reproducibility. Authors are required to include:

Results and Discussion
Results should be presented clearly and succinctly, highlighting the key findings of the study. Authors are encouraged to use tables and figures for effective data presentation; however, detailed statistical formulas or computation steps should be excluded from this section. The discussion must provide a critical interpretation of the results, exploring their implications, aligning them with existing literature, and demonstrating their contribution to the field.

Conclusion
This section should offer a concise summary of the study's main findings in relation to its stated objectives. Authors should also discuss the practical implications, theoretical contributions, or policy recommendations arising from the research. Suggestions for future studies may also be included to extend or refine the current investigation.

Acknowledgment (Optional)
Authors may acknowledge funding bodies, institutions, or individuals who significantly provided support to the research. The acknowledgment should be concise and factual, stating grant numbers or affiliations where applicable.

References
The reference list should reflect the academic rigor of the manuscript.

Author, AB, & Author, CD (2001). Title of article. Journal 60:128-132. Example: Wahyudi AT, Takeyama H, Okamura Y, Fukuda Y, Matsunaga T. 2003. Characterization of aldehyde ferredoxin oxidore-ductase-gene defective mutant in Magnetospirillum magneticum AMB-1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 303:223-229.

Author, GH, & Author, IJ (2006). Title of Book. City of publication: Publishers name.

Schmidt, N. K. (2000). Animal Physiology: Adaptation and Environment. 5th ed . Cambridge: Cambridge Univ Pr.

Author, KL, Author, MN (1999). Title of a chapter: a subtitle. In: Editor MN, Editor OP (eds). Title of Book. 2nd ed. City of publication: Publishers name. p 200-235. Example: Weir, BS (1996). Intraspecific differentiation. In: Hillis DM, Moritz C, Mable BK (eds). Molecular Systematics. 2nd ed. Massachusetts: Sinauer Assc. p 385-405.
 
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